Matronae
women act New Testament · Acts Caesarea, the week before Paul's arrest in Jerusalem 57 CE
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Philip's four daughters who prophesied

One parenthetical sentence — he had four unmarried daughters who prophesied — and Luke moves on. Female prophecy was so normal in the early church that it needed no explanation.

Acts 21:8–9 names Philip the evangelist's four unmarried daughters, all of whom prophesied. The detail is offered casually, the way one might note a family's profession. Eusebius (Ecclesiastical History 3.31, 5.24) preserves a second-century tradition that the four daughters were senior authorities in the church in Hierapolis and a primary source for the oral tradition of the apostolic era. Their gift is presented as continuous with the prophecy of Joel 2 and Acts 2 — sons and daughters alike, prophesying.

Acts 21:8–9. Eusebius, Ecclesiastical History 3.31, 3.39, 5.24. Source →